Here are some that I really liked, which aren't "here's how to program" type books. I'm not going to repeat books that were mentioned in the OP, except to say...The Algorithm Design Manual.
1. Python Essential Reference - Beazley
2. Modern C++ Design - Alexandrescu (mind-blowing; he now works on the D language)
3. Internet Core Protocols: The Definitive Guide - Hall (not a work of any particular genius, but this is stuff everyone should know, in my opinion)
4. Applied Cryptography - Schneier
5. Think Bayes - Downey
6. Interconnections: Bridges, Routers, Switches and Internetworking Protocols - Perlman
Schneier's Cryptography Engineering (previous ed. was called Practical Cryptography) would be a far more useful crypto book than Applied Cryptography. I believe Schneier himself even recommends skipping his seminal book.
Thanks for the suggestions, just ordered a copy of Internet Core Protocols.
Are you familiar with either Expert Python Programming or Effective C++? Would you suggest Python Essential Reference and/or Modern C++ Design over either of those for undergrads preparing for interviews in those languages?
1. Python Essential Reference - Beazley
2. Modern C++ Design - Alexandrescu (mind-blowing; he now works on the D language)
3. Internet Core Protocols: The Definitive Guide - Hall (not a work of any particular genius, but this is stuff everyone should know, in my opinion)
4. Applied Cryptography - Schneier
5. Think Bayes - Downey
6. Interconnections: Bridges, Routers, Switches and Internetworking Protocols - Perlman