I live in a rural area without refuse collection. Having to deal with it all yourself really focuses the mind on keeping waste of all types to a minumum. I suspect more fees for waste collection is what would do likewise for urban dwellers.
We live in a rural area as well and we have to take any trash either to the dump or a convenience center. Since we compost, recycle, and raise a significant percentage of our food, we only actually need to take trash to the dump once a month at most.